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1.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38497635

RESUMO

Large fusiform aneurysms in the distal anterior cerebral territory are infrequent and pose considerable treatment challenges, as they necessitate comprehensive aneurysm resolution without compromising physiological flow dynamics.1-3 We present the case of a 52-year-old man with a ruptured distal anterior cerebral artery fusiform aneurysm. The patient consented to the procedure; this complex condition was successfully managed through an A3-A3 in situ bypass, branch reconstruction, and trapping accompanied by aneurysmectomy. The multifaceted nature of fusiform lesions precludes the feasibility of endovascular interventions as a sole remedy. In addition, reconstructive and deconstructive approaches exhibit elevated mortality rates in patients experiencing high-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage.1,4 Given the intricacies intrinsic to this clinical context and the exigent nature of fusiform aneurysms, the surgical therapeutic arsenal embraces a diverse array of surgical methodologies, each offering a bespoke spectrum of techniques meticulously tailored to attain predefined objectives.3,5-7 These approaches are attuned to promptly abrogate imminent threats, while concurrently mitigating latent complications linked to subarachnoid hemorrhage ensuing from aneurysmal rupture, encompassing the specters of rebleeding, ischemic stroke, and edematous sequelae.8,9 Crucially, the selection of the most appropriate surgical approach hinges on a comprehensive understanding of available options, patient-specific anatomic considerations, and the preferences of the neurosurgeon. Such a nuanced decision-making process ensures an individualized treatment strategy tailored to optimize patient outcomes.3,6.

2.
Rev. argent. neurocir ; 35(2): 160-171, jun. 2021. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1398691

RESUMO

En las ultimas décadas, ha habido un cambio en la formación en las especialidades quirúrgicas, lo cual ha llevado a plantearse la necesidad de adquisición de habilidades por fuera del quirófano por medio de la simulación. El objetivo de este trabajo es demostrar que el uso de placentas humanas con modelo craneal tridimensional (3D), es un método de alta fidelidad y retroalimentación para el desarrollo de técnicas microquirúrgicas. Se realizó un estudio de evaluación técnica en el Laboratorio de Microcirugía Dr. Evandro de Oliveira del Hospital de la Beneficiencia de Portugal de São Paulo, utilizando 15 placentas con técnicas de coloración y preservación vascular con silicona para moldes; realizando ejercicio de anastomosis vasculares, ejercicios de disección parenquimatosa placentaria que remedan la disección aracnoidea y del valle silviano, además de simulación de resección de tumores. Cualitativamente la placenta humana es un método con alta fidelidad y retroalimentación, además, es de acceso universal para la adquisición de habilidades microquirúrgicas, que asociada a un modelo craneal 3D permite el perfeccionamiento de craneotomías, coordinación visomotriz, propiocepción y relación de profundidad que se requieren para abordajes neuroquirúrgicos.


In the last decades, there has been a change in training in surgical specialties, which has led to the need to acquire skills outside the operating room through simulation. The aim of this work is to demonstrate that the use of human placentas with a three-dimensional (3D) cranial model is a high fidelity and feedback method for the development of microsurgical techniques. A technical evaluation study was carried out in the Dr. Evandro de Oliveira Microsurgery Laboratory of the Hospital de la Beneficiencia de Portugal in São Paulo, using 15 placentas with coloration techniques and vascular preservation with silicone for molds; performing vascular anastomosis, placental parenchymal dissection exercises that mimic arachnoid and sylvian fissure dissection, in addition to simulating tumor resection. Qualitatively, the human placenta is a method with high fidelity and feedback, and it is also universally accessible for the acquisition of microsurgical skills, which, associated with a 3D cranial model, allows the refinement of the craniotomies, visomotor coordination, proprioception, and depth relationship required for neurosurgical approaches.


Assuntos
Microcirurgia , Salas Cirúrgicas , Placenta , Silicones , Especialidades Cirúrgicas , Exercício de Simulação , Métodos
3.
Rev. argent. neurocir ; 34(3): 200-208, sept. 2020. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1120920

RESUMO

El dolor facetario lumbar es una de las principales causas de dolor lumbar; representa alrededor del 15-56%. La articulación facetaria estabiliza la columna vertebral, tiene un rol fundamental en el soporte, distribución del peso y regulación de los movimientos rotacionales de la columna. Por ello, el conocimiento de la anatomía y de la biomecánica de esta articulación ayuda a tener una mejor comprensión de su participación en la fisiopatología del dolor lumbar y, por ende, mejora su abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico. Nosotros revisamos aquí los conceptos actuales de embriología, anatomía, biomecánica y la correlación clínica/imagenológica de los cambios asociados a la enfermedad degenerativa facetaria de la columna lumbar.


Low back pain is a very common reason for emergency room consultation, it is found in approximately 60% of adults, and, within it, facet lumbar pain is one of the main causes, accounting for about 15-56% of low back pain cases. The facet joint stabilizes the spine, helps to distribute loads and has a fundamental role in support, weight distribution, and rotational movements regulation of the spine. Consequently, knowledge of the anatomy and biomechanics of this joint is helpful to have a better understanding of their contribution to the low back pain pathophysiology and, therefore, improving diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. This paper aims to review the current concepts of embryology, anatomy, biomechanics, and clinical/imaging correlation of the changes associated with lumbar degenerative facet disease


Assuntos
Humanos , Dor Lombar , Osteoartrite , Coluna Vertebral , Anatomia , Articulações
4.
Neurocirugía (Soc. Luso-Esp. Neurocir.) ; 30(3): 133-143, mayo-jun. 2019. ilus, graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-183576

RESUMO

Introducción: El dolor lumbar afecta entre el 60 y 90% de la población y es una causa frecuente de incapacidad en adultos. Puede ser generado por diferentes estructuras anatómicas, entre las cuales se encuentra la faceta articular. Actualmente, el diagnóstico de dolor lumbar de origen facetario depende de la realización de un procedimiento invasivo (bloqueo selectivo) y no puede hacerse exclusivamente con los hallazgos clínicos. Por lo cual, nuestro objetivo es desarrollar una escala de diagnóstico clínico para el dolor lumbar de origen facetario. Materiales y métodos: El estudio fue realizado por medio de 6 fases de la siguiente manera: Fase 1, se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura respecto al diagnóstico clínico del dolor lumbar de origen facetario basado en la lista de chequeo PRISMA. Fase 2, se realizó una lista de los signos y síntomas propuestos para diagnóstico de dolor lumbar de origen facetario. Fase 3, se sometió la lista de signos y síntomas encontrados a un comité de expertos para discriminar aquellos que son más significativos para los mismos, estos fueron unidos a variables generales sociodemográficas para desarrollar un cuestionario de evaluación. Fase 4, se aplicó el cuestionario de evaluación que incluía aquellos signos y síntomas seleccionados a un grupo de pacientes con diagnóstico clínico de dolor lumbar secundario a enfermedad facetaria y que fueron sometidos a un bloqueo facetario selectivo. Fase 5, bajo técnica estándar se realizó bloqueo facetario selectivo y posterior control clínico postoperatorio a un mes. Fase 6, se relacionaron los resultados pre- y posquirúrgicos con los signos positivos y se propone una escala clínica de evaluación diagnóstica. Resultados: Se encontraron un total de 36 signos y síntomas para el diagnóstico de síndrome facetario lumbar que fueron sometidos al grupo de expertos, donde fueron incluidos para la encuesta final un total de 12 (8 síntomas y 4 signos). Treinta y un pacientes fueron sometidos a bloqueo facetario lumbar selectivo, en su mayoría mujeres, con un promedio de 60±11,5 años, escala visual análoga del dolor prequirúrgica (EVAD) de 8/10, posquirúrgica de 1,7/10, los signos y síntomas más frecuentemente encontrados incluidos en una escala diagnóstica fueron: 3 síntomas, 1) dolor lumbar axial unilateral o bilateral, 2) mejoría con el reposo, 3) ausencia de patrón radicular, puede tener patrón pseudorradicular, sin embargo, el dolor es mayor el lumbar que dolor en la pierna. Y 3 signos clínicos, 1) signo Kemp, 2) dolor inducido en apófisis articular o transversa, 3) signo de estrés facetario o signo de Acevedo. Conclusión: El diagnóstico clínico del dolor facetario lumbar no es aún claro. Pocas escalas diagnosticas han sido postuladas, con poca o baja validez externa, por lo cual, el presente estudio propone una escala diagnóstica conformada por 3 síntomas y 3 signos clínicos


Introduction: Lumbar pain affects between 60-90% of people. It is a frequent cause of disability in adults. Pain may be generated by different anatomical structures such as the facet joint. However, nowadays pain produced by the facet joint has no clinical diagnosis. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to propose a clinical diagnostic scale for lumbar facet syndrome. Materials and methods: The study was conducted by means of 6 phases as follows, Phase 1, a systematic review of the literature was performed regarding the clinical diagnosis of facet-based lumbar pain based on the PRISMA checklist; Phase 2, a list of signs and symptoms proposed for diagnosis lumbar pain of facet origin was made. Phase 3, the list of signs and symptoms found was submitted to a committee of experts to discriminate the most significant signs and symptoms, these were linked to general sociodemographic variables to develop an evaluation questionnaire; Phase 4, the evaluation questionnaire was applied, including those selected signs and symptoms to a group of patients with clinical diagnosis of facet disease lumbar pain and who underwent a selective facet block. Phase 5, under standard technique selective facet block and subsequent postoperative clinical control at 1 month. Phase 6, given pre and postsurgical results associated with signs present in the patients we propose a clinical scale of diagnosis scale. Descriptive statistics and Stata 12.0 were used as statistical software. Results: A total of 36 signs and symptoms were found for the diagnosis of lumbar facet syndrome that were submitted to the group of experts, where a total of 12 (8 symptoms and 4 signs) were included for the final survey. 31 patients underwent selective lumbar facet blockade, mostly women, with an average of 60±11.5 years, analogous visual scale of preoperative pain of 8/10, postoperative of 1.7/10, the signs and symptoms most frequently found included in a diagnostic scale were: 3 symptoms 1) axial or bilateral axial lumbar pain, 2) improvement with rest, 3) absence of root pattern, may have pseudoradicular pattern, however, the pain is greater lumbar than pain in the leg and 3 clinical signs 1) Kemp sign, 2) pain induced in joint or transverse process, 3) facet stress sign or Acevedo sign. Conclusion: The clinical diagnosis of lumbar facet pain is still debated. Few diagnostic scales have been postulated, with little or no external validity, so the present study proposes a diagnostic scale consisting of 3 symptoms and 3 clinical signs


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Medição da Dor/métodos , Projetos Piloto , Avaliação da Deficiência , Articulação Zigapofisária/diagnóstico por imagem , Dor Lombar/diagnóstico por imagem , Articulação Zigapofisária/patologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios , Fluoroscopia/métodos , Dexametasona/uso terapêutico , Bloqueio de Ramo
5.
Neurocirugia (Astur : Engl Ed) ; 30(3): 133-143, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29910103

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Lumbar pain affects between 60-90% of people. It is a frequent cause of disability in adults. Pain may be generated by different anatomical structures such as the facet joint. However, nowadays pain produced by the facet joint has no clinical diagnosis. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to propose a clinical diagnostic scale for lumbar facet syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted by means of 6 phases as follows, Phase 1, a systematic review of the literature was performed regarding the clinical diagnosis of facet-based lumbar pain based on the PRISMA checklist; Phase 2, a list of signs and symptoms proposed for diagnosis lumbar pain of facet origin was made. Phase 3, the list of signs and symptoms found was submitted to a committee of experts to discriminate the most significant signs and symptoms, these were linked to general sociodemographic variables to develop an evaluation questionnaire; Phase 4, the evaluation questionnaire was applied, including those selected signs and symptoms to a group of patients with clinical diagnosis of facet disease lumbar pain and who underwent a selective facet block. Phase 5, under standard technique selective facet block and subsequent postoperative clinical control at 1 month. Phase 6, given pre and postsurgical results associated with signs present in the patients we propose a clinical scale of diagnosis scale. Descriptive statistics and Stata 12.0 were used as statistical software. RESULTS: A total of 36 signs and symptoms were found for the diagnosis of lumbar facet syndrome that were submitted to the group of experts, where a total of 12 (8 symptoms and 4 signs) were included for the final survey. 31 patients underwent selective lumbar facet blockade, mostly women, with an average of 60±11.5 years, analogous visual scale of preoperative pain of 8/10, postoperative of 1.7/10, the signs and symptoms most frequently found included in a diagnostic scale were: 3 symptoms 1) axial or bilateral axial lumbar pain, 2) improvement with rest, 3) absence of root pattern, may have pseudoradicular pattern, however, the pain is greater lumbar than pain in the leg and 3 clinical signs 1) Kemp sign, 2) pain induced in joint or transverse process, 3) facet stress sign or Acevedo sign. CONCLUSION: The clinical diagnosis of lumbar facet pain is still debated. Few diagnostic scales have been postulated, with little or no external validity, so the present study proposes a diagnostic scale consisting of 3 symptoms and 3 clinical signs.


Assuntos
Dor Lombar/diagnóstico , Bloqueio Nervoso/métodos , Dor Pós-Operatória/diagnóstico , Avaliação de Sintomas/métodos , Articulação Zigapofisária , Feminino , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Dor Lombar/etiologia , Dor Lombar/terapia , Região Lombossacral/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Medição da Dor , Projetos Piloto , Avaliação de Sintomas/classificação , Resultado do Tratamento , Articulação Zigapofisária/diagnóstico por imagem
6.
Univ. med ; 60(1)2019. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-995078

RESUMO

Los tumores primarios del sistema nervioso representaron aproximadamente el 1,4% de los nuevos diagnósticos de cáncer en 2015 y causan el 2,6% de las muertes por cáncer. Estos tienen una mayor implicación clínica en la población infantil y en adultos jóvenes; y su incidencia disminuye con la edad. Los tumores más frecuentes en los adultos incluyen meningiomas, gliomas y tumores pituitarios. En este artículo se hace una revisión actualizada sobre la epidemiología de los tumores primarios del sistema nervioso, así como las principales características y actualizaciones en el manejo de los tumores más prevalentes en la población adulta.


Primará' nervous system tumors represented approximately 1,4% of new cáncer diagnoses in 2015 and cause 2,6% of deaths secondary' to cáncer. Their major clinical impact is seen in pediatric population and young adults; and their incidence decreases with age. The most frequent tumors in adults inelude meningiomas, gliomas and pituitary tumors. In this arricie, an updated review is made on the epidemiology of primar? tumors of the nervous system, as well as the main features and updates in the management of most prevalent tumors in the adult population.


Assuntos
Sistema Nervoso Central , Neoplasias do Ventrículo Cerebral/epidemiologia
7.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 31(3): 170-177, jul.-set. 2016. ilus, graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-830320

RESUMO

Introducción: En el trasplante renal con HLA idéntico los episodios de rechazo agudo son menores y tienen mejores tasas de supervivencia del injerto, comparado con los receptores con HLA no idéntico; a pesar de esto, persiste el dilema en cuanto al retiro o la disminución de la dosis de inmunosupresión. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la experiencia de los trasplantes renales con HLA idéntico de donante vivo y cadavérico que se han realizado en la Fundación Valle del Lili desde 1995 hasta 2014. Material y métodos. De los 1.462 trasplantes renales realizados se incluyeron aquellos con HLA idéntico. Se hizo un análisis estadístico descriptivo para todas las variables consideradas y, para subgrupos seleccionados, el análisis de supervivencia y de rechazo agudo se hizo con el método de Kaplan-Meier. Para el análisis se usó Stata 12.0®. Resultados. Se practicaron 29 trasplantes renales con HLA idénticos. La mayoría fueron en hombres de raza mestiza y lo más frecuente fue una etiología desconocida de la enfermedad renal terminal. Dos pacientes presentaron rechazo agudo, y la supervivencia de los injertos a 1, 5, 10 y 15 años, fue de 100%, 93,7 %, 75 % y 75 %, respectivamente; la supervivencia de los pacientes a los 1, 5, 10 y 15 años, fue de 100%, 93,7 %, 84,3 % y 84,3 %, respectivamente. Conclusiones. Los receptores HLA idénticos poseen una supervivencia prolongada del injerto con menos tasas de rechazo agudo.


Introduction: Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Graft rejection is much lower in terms of acute rejection and improved graft survival in renal transplantation with HLA-identical compared to non-identical HLA receptors. The aim of this work is to describe the experience of HLA identical kidney transplantation from live and deceased donors that have been performed at Valle de Lili Foundation since 1995 to 2014. Material and methods. From the 1,462 kidney transplants performed those with HLA-identical were identified, a descriptive statistical analysis was performed for all variables considered in the analysis and for selected subgroups, the analysis of survival and acute rejection was made with the Kaplan-Meier method. Stata 12.0 was used for the analysis. Results: A total of 29 HLA-identical kidney transplants were performed. Most were men of mixed race; the main etiology of ESRD was unknown. Two patients had acute rejection and graft survival at five, ten and fifteen years was 93.7%, 75% and 75% respectively, patient survival at five, ten and fifteen years was 93.7%, 84.3% and 84.3% respectively. Conclusion: HLA-identical receptors have a prolonged survival of the graft with less acute rejection rates.


Assuntos
Transplante de Rim , Transplante Isogênico , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade , Antígenos HLA
8.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 31(3): 178-184, jul.-set. 2016. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-830321

RESUMO

Introducción: El trasplante simultáneo de riñón y páncreas es reconocido como un tratamiento eficaz para el manejo de pacientes con diabetes mellitus, principalmente de tipo I, e insuficiencia renal crónica. Sin embargo, hoy en día aún existe dificultad para el seguimiento del injerto pancreático, ya que no existe un marcador serológico definitivo que lo permita y persiste la dificultad para la toma de biopsias. Se ha descrito una modificación en la técnica quirúrgica que permitiría el acceso endoscópico mediante una duodeno-duodenostomía. Material y métodos. Se seleccionaron los pacientes que recibieron un trasplante simultáneo de riñón y páncreas con derivación exocrina al duodeno, evaluando la seguridad del procedimiento, la evolución y las complicaciones médico-quirúrgicas. Resultados. Nueve pacientes fueron sometidos a trasplante simultáneo de riñón y páncreas con derivación exocrina al duodeno. La mediana de la edad fue de 36 años y la mayoría era del sexo masculino. El tiempo de isquemia en frío fue de 10 horas para el injerto pancreático y de 11 horas para el renal. El tiempo total de hospitalización fue de 21 días. Se presentó una pérdida del injerto pancreático y una pérdida del injerto renal. Hubo una sola muerte, causada por aspergilosis pulmonar. Conclusiones. La derivación exocrina duodenal permite y facilita la evaluación y el seguimiento endoscópico del injerto pancreático. No supone una mayor exigencia técnica en el trasplante simultáneo de riñón y páncreas, ni un incremento en el número de complicaciones en relación directa con la modificación del procedimiento quirúrgico.


Introduction: Despite its recognition as an effective therapy for the management of patients with Type I diabetes mellitus and chronic renal failure, simultaneous kidney and pancreas transplant encounters difficulties in monitoring the pancreatic graft, and there is no strong serologic marker coupled with the difficulties in taking biopsies. We describe a modification of a surgical technique that allows endoscopic access through a duodenostomy. Material and methods. Patients who received simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplantation with exocrine bypass to the duodenum were selected to evaluate the safety of the procedure, the clinical postoperative course, and the medical and surgical complications. Results: Nine patients were submitted to simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplantation with exocrine bypass to the duodenum. Median age was 36, most patients where male. Cold ischemia time was 10 hours for the pancreatic graft and 11 hours for the kidney graft. Total hospital stay was 21 days. There was one death caused by pulmonary aspergillosis. Conclusion: The duodenal exocrine derivation permits and facilitates the evaluation and endoscopy follow-up of the pancreatic graft. It neither imposes greater technical demands in simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplantation, nor an increase in the number of complications directly related to the modification of the surgical procedure.


Assuntos
Humanos , Pâncreas Exócrino , Complicações do Diabetes , Diabetes Mellitus , Transplante de Rim , Transplante de Pâncreas , Insuficiência Renal Crônica
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